ABSTRACT
Resumen Maxence Van der Meersch (1907-1951) fue un escritor francés cuyas novelas exponían las desigualdades sociales de la época. Entre ellas se destacan las asociadas con la tuberculosis, enfermedad frecuente, que aquejó a miembros de su familia y causó la muerte del autor. Las narraciones refieren las formas de presentación del mal, los métodos de diagnóstico, las actitudes de los pacientes y de su entorno, cómo afectaba a su situación laboral, los medios de subsistencia familiar y los recursos y complicaciones de los tratamientos. Al desarrollarse el argumento durante la llamada "era sanatorial de la tuberculosis" se retrata el acaecer en un sanatorio público. Se destaca la similitud de sucesos de la vida real del escritor y su esposa con los que se describen en parejas imaginadas en las novelas. El éxito de Van der Meersch fue opacado en sus últimos años por el agravamiento de su enfermedad y por críticas formuladas a algunos escritos. Resaltan las del cuerpo médico de esos años, que objetaron la crudeza del lenguaje, la inexactitud en la descripción de técnicas y, principalmente, por promover un objetado régimen antituberculoso.
Abstract Maxence Van der Meersch (1907-1951) was a French writer whose novels encompassed social inequities of the time. Among them, those related to tuberculosis are of special interest. This was a common disease that affected his family members and ultimately caused his death. In his narrations, the author refers to the various signs of the illness, the diagnostic methods, the patients' behaviour, their environment, how it affected their employment situation, the economic difficulties, treatment resources and complications. As the novels' plots are developed throughout the so called "sanatorial age of tuberculosis", the author describes the events occurring in a public sanatorium. The similitude among the situations lived by the writer and his wife, and those of the imaginary couples in the novels are highlighted. During his last years, Van der Meersch's success declined due to the complications of his illness, and because of the harsh criticism towards some of his writings. Particularly, the critiques posed by the medical professionals of the time, who rejected the raw language, inaccurate technical descriptions, and, above all, the promotion of an objected anti-tuberculosis regime.
Subject(s)
Humans , History, 20th Century , Tuberculosis/history , FranceABSTRACT
Este trabajo tiene como objetivo discutir y analizar las aproximaciones teóricas de la Comunicación educativa y de la educación para el ocio en Educación Física escolar. En la Educación Primaria, en Brasil, es donde existen las tasas más altas de abandono de alumnos. En las clases de Educación Física muchos alumnos no tienen una participación efectiva, debido a factores didáctico-metodológicos y de construcción curricular. Los estudios de la Comunicación educativa, con fundamentos en neurociencia, podrán ser útiles en la búsqueda de soluciones para este problema. Esta es una investigación bibliográfica y cualitativa. Tomando como base las discusiones de la Comunicación educativa y los estudios del ocio, las clases de Educación Física pueden ser más interesantes e incentivar a los alumnos para la construcción y la producción de conocimiento en torno al cuerpo, a las prácticas corporales y a los medios.
The objective of this study is to discuss and analyze how close the Educational communication and education for leisure are in Physical Education classes at school. The Elementary School is where you can find the highest dropout rate in Brazil. At the Physical Education classes the students do not have an effective participation due to didactic-methodological matters and curriculum construction. So, the Educational Communication studies, based on the neuroscience assumptions, can be useful for searching solutions for this problem. This refers to a bibliographic and qualitative investigation. The Educational communication discussions and leisure studies, can make the Physical Education classes more interesting and encourage students for knowledge construction and production on their body, body practices and mass media.
Subject(s)
Leisure ActivitiesABSTRACT
Este trabalho teve como objetivos analisar e comparar duas experiências pedagógicas realizadas a partir de histórias em quadrinhos (HQs) de super-heróis em escolas públicas de Ensino Fundamental nas cidades de Piracicaba-SP e de Cosmópolis-SP. Foi realizada revisão de literatura e pesquisa de campo, caracterizando esta investigação como qualitativa. A participação da mulher nas HQs, os valores sociais, a presença da tecnologia nas HQs e os padrões corporais de beleza foram os aspectos identificados pelos alunos durante as experiências pedagógicas. Os resultados mostraram que houve maior reconhecimento da presença da mídia como influenciadora de padrões corporais de beleza por parte dos alunos na escola de Cosmópolis-SP.
This study aimed to analyze and compare two pedagogical experiences using super heroes graphic novels in Elementary and Junior High public schools in the cities of Piracicaba-SP and Cosmópolis-SP. A review of literature and field research was carried out, characterizing this research as qualitative. Women's participation in graphic novels, social values, the presence of technology in comic books, and body patterns of beauty were the aspects identified by the students during the pedagogical experiences. The results showed that there was greater recognition of the presence of the media as an influence of the body's beauty patterns on the part of the students in the Cosmópolis-SP school.